Analysis of Bacteria-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Urine of Patients with Sepsis
Copyright (c) 2025 Ethiopian Medical Journal
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- Articles
- Submited: January 19, 2024
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Published: January 1, 2025
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be secreted from all bacteria, including those causing sepsis, and are distributed throughout the bloodstream and then excreted in the urine. In this study, an analysis of bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles in the urine of patients with sepsis and healthy controls was performed. A total of 25 patients, including 9 cases with positive cultures of bacteria in meaningful clinical specimens and 11 healthy controls, were evaluated. Midstream or Foley catheter urine was collected before starting the antibiotic treatment, and EVs were isolated by centrifugation. Metagenomic analysis was performed on the isolated EV samples to target the bacterial 16S rDNA. In all the febrile patients with culture-positive cases, the genetic material of multiple bacterial genera was detected, whereas those of cultured bacteria were not found in most cases. The bacterial distributions in the normal control group were very different from those of the febrile patients. The results suggested that bacterial components enter the bloodstream from several sites of the body in the form of extracellular vesicles in both septic and normal states. The reason why the bacterial distributions in the urine of sepsis patients are different from healthy people’s warrants further study.
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