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Prevalence of Asthma among Adults in Northwestern Ethiopia: Implications for Health Planning and Management: Prevalence of Asthma among Adults in Northwestern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Asthma among Adults in Northwestern Ethiopia

Atalaye Nigussie
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Belsti Atnkut
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Gedif Mulat Alemayehu
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Zelalem Merafe Woldie
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Nigussie Adam Birhan
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Destaw Mulualem
College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
Tessema Astatkie
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
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  • Submited: July 29, 2024
  • Published: October 1, 2024

Abstract

Background: Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that substantially burdens individuals and healthcare systems. Regular investigation of its prevalence and identifying the factors that lead patients to seek medical care is crucial for effective health planning, management, and prevention to reduce healthcare costs and morbidity/mortality rates while fostering productive citizenship. This study aimed to assess asthma’s prevalence and to determine the factors that prompt adult patients to visit healthcare services in the Awi administrative zone of Northwestern Ethiopia.

Method: Data from 662 asthma patients were collected using structured questionnaires using a multistage sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using the ordinal logistic regression model to determine how asthma status (the dependent variable) is affected by sociodemographic (independent) variables and the chi-square test of independence to determine the significance of the association between asthma status and the sociodemographic variables.

Results: The results revealed significant effects of various variables: bad smells in the environment (OR=1.921, p=0.043), marital status (OR=0.056, p=0.016), smoking (OR=3.167, p<0.001), educational level (OR=172.4, p<0.001), physical exercise (OR=0.357, p=0.017), family history of asthma (OR=1.336, p=0.02), presence of animals at home (OR=14.78, p=0.025), drug discontinuity (OR=1.289, p=0.001), high asthma distribution season (OR=21.79, p<0.001), limited daily activity (OR=2.640, p=0.032), and energy source for cooking (OR=28,453, p<0.001), all significantly associated with asthma status among patients.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to promote asthma disease prevention strategies and the need for the implementation of several interventions by the Awi Zone health office and/or non-governmental organizations to reduce the prevalence of asthma disease.

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How to Cite
Nigussie, A., Atnkut, B., Alemayehu, G. M., Woldie, Z. M., Birhan, N. A., Mulualem, D., & Astatkie, T. (2024). Prevalence of Asthma among Adults in Northwestern Ethiopia: Implications for Health Planning and Management: Prevalence of Asthma among Adults in Northwestern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Medical Journal, 62(4). Retrieved from https://emjema.org/index.php/EMJ/article/view/2704

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